Mpox Virus

 Understanding the Mpox Virus

 What is Mpox?

Mpox is a zoonotic disease, initially identified in monkeys in 1958. In 2022, the name was updated from "Monkeypox" to "Mpox" to align with modern naming guidelines.

Where is Mpox Found?

Mpox is mainly seen in Central and West Africa, but cases have also been reported elsewhere, often linked to travel or imported animals.

Symptoms and Duration

Symptoms include fever, severe headaches, swollen lymph nodes, muscle aches, depression, and a rash that spreads from the face to other body parts. These symptoms typically last 2 to 4 weeks.

Transmission and Contagious Period

Mpox spreads through direct contact with an infected person, their bodily fluids, or contaminated items. The virus is contagious from the appearance of the rash until the crusts fall off.

Complications and High-Risk Groups

While most recover within weeks, individuals with weakened immune systems, newborns, and pregnant women may experience severe complications, including skin infections, pneumonia, and vision loss.

Prevention and Treatment

Preventive measures include avoiding contact with infected individuals, using masks and gloves, practicing good hygiene, and disinfecting contaminated items. Treatment focuses on symptom management, with most cases resolving without specific intervention.

Global Spread and Vaccination

As of August 2024, Mpox has been reported in 116 countries. The smallpox vaccine is effective against Mpox, though no specific vaccination guidelines have been issued.

Key Points

- Mpox is not primarily a sexually transmitted disease but can spread through close physical contact.

- Reinfection is rare, making it unlikely to contract Mpox more than once.